What are the risks, dangers, and side effects of NMN (NAD+)?
Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) is generating a lot of buzz in the realm of longevity and wellness. But what is the real story when it comes to its safety? With skyrocketing sales and sometimes exaggerated claims, it's essential to understand the potential side effects of this dietary supplement.
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- Global Safety Out of 437 participants in the clinical studies, only 8.2% reported minor side effects, and no serious effects were observed.
- Age-Appropriate Dosage The recommended doses range from 200 mg per day for those aged 30-40, up to 1200 mg per day for individuals over 60, with a proven tolerance of up to 1200 mg per day.
- Very important storage method Refrigeration is crucial to prevent the degradation of NMN into nicotinamide.
- Minor side effects The main reported effects are mild and temporary gastrointestinal disturbances, similar to those in the placebo groups.
- Study Duration Clinical studies have lasted up to 12 weeks, demonstrating good tolerance in the short to medium term.
- At-Risk Populations Caution is advised for pregnant or breastfeeding women and individuals with kidney or liver disorders.
- Product Quality The purity and manufacturing process are crucial for ensuring the product's optimal quality.
What is NAD⁺?
The NAD⁺ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) is an essential coenzyme found in all our cells. It plays a crucial role in energy production, DNA repair, metabolism regulation, and maintaining proper cellular function.
As we age, levels of NAD⁺ naturally decline, which could contribute to certain signs of ageing and a decrease in metabolic performance.
The NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide) is one of the natural precursors of NAD⁺. It is produced by the body and is found in very small amounts in certain foods such as avocado, broccoli, cabbage, or tomato.
You would need to consume a significant amount of these foods to obtain even a few milligrams of NMN.
That's why The supplementation of NAD⁺ precursors has gained popularity in recent years.NMN, for instance, is commonly available in capsule or powder form, with dosages typically ranging from 50 to 500 mg per serving.
Research suggests that increasing NAD⁺ levels could have beneficial effects on mitochondrial function, insulin sensitivity, and certain markers of ageing. However, human clinical data remains limited, and the long-term effects require further studies.
Currently, short-term trials indicate good tolerance, with no major adverse effects observed at the usual doses.
Scientific research on NAD⁺ and its precursors
In recent years, several studies have focused on NAD⁺ and its precursors such as NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide) and NR (nicotinamide riboside).
The Research are generally reassuring.A systematic review published in 2024, involving over 400 participants, concluded that the supplementation of NAD⁺ precursors was well tolerated and that no serious adverse effects had been observed, even at doses ranging from 250 to 1000 mg per day.
Among the most notable works:
- Yi et al. (2023): 80 healthy adults were given up to 900 mg of NMN per day for 60 days. Result: a measurable increase in blood NAD⁺ levels with no significant side effects.
- Trammell et al. (2016): the first major study on NR, demonstrating that it effectively boosts NAD⁺ levels in the body, with a excellent tolerance even at high doses (up to 1000 mg per day).
- Okabe et al. (2022): 30 volunteers took 250 mg of NMN for 12 weeks with no abnormal clinical signs.
- Yoshino et al. (2021): In prediabetic women, a daily dose of 250 mg of NMN improved insulin sensitivity without causing any adverse effects.
The reported side effects in these studies are very rare and mild: mild nausea, temporary headaches or digestive discomfort.Nothing compares to the side effects sometimes seen with other supplements.
On the other hand, NADH (the reduced form of NAD⁺) has also been tested in humans, particularly for its effects on fatigue and concentration. Clinical trials demonstrate good tolerance up to 25 mg per day., with no significant issues to report.
Side effects of NAD⁺ and its precursors
The clinical studies available to date are very reassuring. Among over 400 participants studied across various trials involving all the compounds, only a few isolated cases of mild side effects have been reported, and none were deemed serious.Most of these effects were temporary, often with no direct connection to the intake of the supplement.
The most commonly reported side effects
Common minor effects observed in studies:
- Mild digestive issues (abdominal discomfort, loose stools, occasional nausea)
- Mild headaches
- Temporary fatigue or feeling of warmth
- Temporary flu-like symptoms
It is interesting to note that in several studies, particularly the one byOkabe et al. (2022), these symptoms appeared at similar frequencies in the placebo group, suggesting that they are not necessarily related to supplementation.
Distinction between supplementation-related and non-supplementation-related effects
Researchers have also made sure to distinguish the effects directly attributable to NAD⁺ from those caused by other factors. For instance, in some studies, isolated cases of acne or hypertension have been observed, but no clear causal relationship has been established.
Finally, even at high doses, up to 1200 mg per day in certain clinical studies, no serious side effects have been observed.Researchers conclude that NAD⁺ precursors have an excellent safety profile for short-term use.
How to use NAD⁺ safely
The safety of using enzymes primarily relies on two factors: the importance of adhering to the appropriate dosages and proper storage of the product.Clinical studies published to date have established dosage ranges that are considered safe for daily use.
Typical dosages observed in studies
Research shows a good tolerance for doses ranging from 250 to 900 mg per day depending on the molecule and the individual's profile. Some trials have even used up to 1200 mg per day with no serious side effects observed.
For your information, here are the commonly mentioned dosage ranges in the scientific literature for supporting cellular metabolism:
- 30-40 years: 200 to 400 mg per day
- 40-50 years: 400 to 600 mg per day
- 50-60 years: 600 to 800 mg per day
- Over 60 years: 800 to 1000 mg per day
A straightforward alternative is to estimate the dose based on body weight: approximately 8 mg per kilogram of body weight. (For example, for 70 kg = approximately 560 mg per day)
Populations requiring special precautions
Some individuals need to exercise particular caution before consuming these compounds:
- Pregnant or breastfeeding women (as a precaution, since no clinical studies have yet been conducted on these populations)
- Individuals undergoing treatment for diabetes (these compounds may affect insulin sensitivity)
- Individuals with kidney or liver insufficiency
Storage and Timing of Intake
Key points for preservation:
- Store in a cool, dry place, ideally in the fridge.
- Avoid prolonged exposure to heat and humidity.
- Always adhere to the expiry date stated on the packaging.
It is generally recommended to take NAD⁺ precursors. in the morning, with a meal that includes a source of fatsThis combination enhances absorption and supports cellular energy throughout the day.
Other frequently asked questions about NAD⁺
Can NAD⁺ cause headaches?
A few isolated cases of headaches have been reported in some studies, but they were rare and often with no direct connection to supplementation.The observed frequency was similar in the placebo groups.
Can you take it every day?
Yes. The clinical trials conducted on the NR, the NMN and the NADH confirm that a daily intake is well tolerated for several weeks, without any noticeable side effects.
Do these molecules affect sleep?
Taking it in the morning is generally recommended, as it supports energy production and cellular metabolism throughout the day.
However, some studies suggest that the timing of intake may slightly influence sleep. For instance, research conducted by Kim et al. found that taking it in late afternoon could enhance sleep quality in some elderly individuals. However, these effects tend to be mild and vary from person to person.
Are there any long-term risks?
As of today, no long-term risks have been identified in human clinical studies. However, most trials have not lasted beyond 12 weeks, meaning that the effects over several months or years are yet to be thoroughly documented.
Animal studies, although longer in duration, remain reassuring regarding overall safety.
Are there any known drug interactions?
No significant drug interactions have been identified to date. However, as a precaution, it is advisable to consult a healthcare professional before starting any supplementation, especially if you are currently undergoing medical treatment.
Should you combine TMG (Trimethylglycine)?
Some experts, including Dr. David Sinclair, suggest combining a source of TMG to support the metabolism of methyl groups when increasing intake.
However, research remains limited and this association is not deemed essential at this time.
NAD⁺ DIX: Safety and Quality at the Heart of Our Production
In light of the studies presented and the importance of the quality of the precursors of NAD⁺ To ensure both effectiveness and safety, selecting the right supplement is crucial.
Our NAD⁺ DIX meets the highest quality standards outlined in scientific publications. Every step of our production process is designed to preserve the integrity of the ingredients and maximise their bioavailability:
- Certification GMP and HACCP (ensuring strict manufacturing standards and traceability)
- Enzymatic production for optimal bioavailability and enhanced stability
- Independent laboratory tests for each batch to ensure a purity of 99.9%
- Total absence of heavy metals, solvents, or chemical residues
- Airtight packaging for optimal storage, keep away from heat and moisture
As clinical studies have shown, the purity of the product is crucial to ensure its effects on natural production of [[TIA_...]]. NAD⁺ while minimising any risk of side effects.
Our enzymatic manufacturing process, which closely aligns with the natural mechanisms of the human body, ensures better absorption and optimal tolerance.
- Boost your NAD+ levels for enhanced cellular function
- Enhance your physical endurance and performance
- Helps to reduce fatigue and naturally boosts energy levels.
- Supports cellular longevity and overall health
- Lab tested for 99.9% purity and certified GMP and HACCP
- Vegetarian capsules with a high concentration of NAD
Scientific publications on the safety of NMN
- "The efficacy and safety of β-nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) supplementation in healthy middle-aged adults: a randomised, multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, dose-dependent clinical trial." (Major study on the safety of NMN at various doses) DOI: 10.1007/s11357-022-00705-1
- The safety and anti-ageing effects of nicotinamide mononucleotide in human clinical trials: an update (Comprehensive Review of Safety Studies on NMN) DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.08.008
- Enhancement of physical performance parameters in patients taking nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN): A systematic review of randomised controlled trials (In-depth analysis of safety and effectiveness) DOI: 10.7759/cureus.65961
- "Oral administration of nicotinamide mononucleotide is safe and effectively increases blood levels of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide in healthy subjects". (Clinical study on the safety of oral administration) DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.868640
- "Effect of oral administration of nicotinamide mononucleotide on clinical parameters and nicotinamide metabolite levels in healthy Japanese men". (First clinical study on the safety of NMN) DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.EJ19-0313
- Impact of taking nicotinamide mononucleotide for 12 weeks on sleep quality, fatigue, and physical performance in older Japanese adults. (Long-term effects study) DOI: 10.3390/nu14040755
